A photoresistor, also known as an LDR (Light Dependent Resistor), is a light-sensitive resistor whose resistance decreases as light intensity increases. In darkness, an LDR has a high resistance, while exposure to light causes the resistance to drop significantly. Photoresistors are typically made from semiconductor materials such as cadmium sulfide, where incoming photons affect the electrical conductivity of the material. The change in resistance is nonlinear and relatively slow compared to devices such as photodiodes, making LDRs less suitable for fast measurements but well suited for simple light-sensing applications. Common uses include light-controlled switches, day-night sensors, display dimming, and basic measurement and indicator systems where high precision is not required.
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